Bob is at the railway station, talking to a clerk. Complete the following dialogue, using a, an, the or zero article (don't write anything).
Bob je na želežniški postaji in se pogovarja z uslužbencem. Dopolni spodnji dialog. Zapiši a, an, the ali pa ne zapiši ničesar.
Raba a, an, the in 'zero article' (ničesar)
Čeprav kratke, so besedice a, an in the v angleščini zelo pomembne. Imenujemo jih členki (articles) in Slovenci imamo z njimi težave, zato si dobro oglej njihovo rabo.
Splošni pravili:
1 a in an uporabljamo, kadar govorimo o kom ali čemer koli, zato ju imenujemo nedoločni členek (indefinite article).
2 the uporabljamo, kadar govorimo o določeni osebi, živali, stvari ipd., zato ga imenujemo določni členek (definite article).
Ta opis je zelo splošen, zato si oglej nekaj primerov z dodatnimi razlagami.
A
A uporabljamo, kadar govorimo o članu neke skupine, službi, kadar govorimo na splošno oz. oseba ali stvar nista točno določeni.
Primeri:
I'd like a cat for my birthday. (any cat)
Let's see a movie tonight. (any movie)John is a member of Science club. (a member of a group of people)
Can somebody call a doctor, please? (any doctor)
My dad's a bus driver. (a job)
A woman was hit by a car. (we don't know exactly which woman)
AN
An Razlika v uporabi a oz. an je le v tem, kateri glas (ne črka) sledi nedoločnemu členku.
Primeri:
an orange, an umbrella, an hour, an unexpected visitor
Pozor: To velja le za besede v ednini, torej: oranges, umbrellas, hours, unexpected visitors.
The
The uporabljamo, kadar vemo, o kom ali čem govorimo, z geografskimi pojmi, kot so: reke, oceani, morja, gorske verige, puščave, otočja, geografska območja ter deli globusa, kadar govorimo o besedi, stvari ipd, ki je samo ena (v skupini, na svetu), s presežniki.
Primeri
The dog that stole my sandwich ran away. (specific dog)
They looked everywhere, but the cat was nowhere to be found. (specific cat)
The Prime Minister gave a speech. (one of the kind)
The sun is hot today. (the only one)
Mel is the brightest girl in our class. (with a superlative form of an adjective)
In še: The Drava, The Atlantic Ocean, The Adriatic Sea, the Andes, the Sahara desert, the Canary Islands, the Near east, the Northern hemisphere
Zero article
Členka ne uporabljamo z neštevnimi samostalniki, prazniki, jeziki, deželami, državami, mesti, kontinenti, jezeri, gorami (kadar so so edninske besede), športi, pri besednih zvezah, kjer si sledita samostalnik in število ter pri ulicah.
Primeri:
I really love chocolate. (uncountable noun)
My favourite holiday is Christmas. (holiday)
Everybody should speak English. (language)
Slovenia is a beautiful country. (country)
The capital of Australia is Canberra. (continent, town)
The train to Barcelona leaves from platform 8. (town, noun followed by a number)
Madame Tousauds is in Baker Street. (street name)
Sometimes it is hard to find the right person to find our lost property, as Bob could. Luckily, there are signs that help us. Play the memory game and try to mach some public information signs with their meanings.
Včasih je težko najti pravo osebo, ki nam pomaga najti izgubljeno lastnino, kot jo je lahko Bob. Na srečo obstajajo znaki, ki nam pomagajo. Zaigraj igro spomina in poveži znake za informacije z njihovimi pomeni.